![]() ![]() ![]() In future multi-function systems, however, longer pulses with wider bandwidth tend to be used. Current simulations ignore the transient behaviors of electronics and weather scatterers. To better estimate the data quality based on different PAR waveforms and predict the spectrum compliance of the transmitters, we should be able to precisely simulate the time-domain data sequences. Thirdly, pulse compression waveforms are increasingly used in weather radars, especially in PARs. However, none of the current weather radar system simulators take them into account. Weather measurements are highly sensitive to such effects. Distortions caused by amplifier nonlinearity, phase shifter quantization, or any instabilities of the array elements were reported to affect the overall system performance and data quality. Secondly, although antenna patterns are widely included in studies such as Reference, the impacts of phased-array radar electronics are as important to data quality in practical applications, and transient response of the radar electronics, thus, needs to be considered. It is more reasonable to use real measurement fields. Firstly, using NWP model outputs as weather truth fields is limited to specific scenarios and events that are not sufficient for a comprehensive and realistic representation for all different operational cases. introduced a weather radar simulator which uses existing Next-Generation Radar (NEXRAD) measurement as truth, and it was still based on a traditional frequency-domain method for polarimetric time-series generation.Įven with the achievements of prior simulations, data quality prediction and analysis for MPAR remain a challenge due to limitations. ![]() presented a validation procedure to assess the ability of a polarimetric weather radar simulator to deal with raindrop-size distributions and outputs generated by NWP models. introduced a polarimetric phased-array weather radar simulator, which evaluated the impacts of cross-polar fields on weather observations and included various transmit modes. presented a Monte Carlo simulation-based approach for airborne weather radars, which investigated the impacts of platform and different microphysical parameters on the polarimetric radar variables. introduced a weather radar simulator which derived time-series signals from the output of a numerical weather prediction (NWP) model. Torres presented a method for simulating over-sampled dual-polarization radar signals by combining Zrnić’s method and Galati’s work. Galati and Pavan extended Zrnić’s method to dual-polarized Doppler weather radar by generating two random sequences of horizontal and vertical polarization pairs with an assigned autocorrelation coefficient and a cross-correlation coefficient. For example, Zrnić described a procedure for simulating weather-like Doppler spectra and signals, in which time series of single-polarization weather radar was generated. Various weather radar system simulators were developed before. To accurately assess the system performance and data quality of future phased-array weather radars, the requirement for simulation fidelity is high. In weather radar applications, a sub-dB accuracy of weather radar moments may be needed, such as for scattering power measurement. The challenge of evaluating data quality from a ground or airborne phased-array radar (PAR) system, such as multifunction phased-array radar (MPAR)/Spectrum-Efficient National Surveillance Radar (SENSR), posted the need of developing an integrated system that is suitable for both simulation and measurement validations. Corresponding error statistics were provided to help multifunction phased-array radar (MPAR) designers perform trade-off studies. Also, modeling of some demonstration systems was evaluated, including a generic weather radar, a planar polarimetric phased-array radar, and a cylindrical polarimetric phased-array radar. Two typical weather scenarios were employed to assess the simulator’s performance, including a tornado case and a convective precipitation case. The data quality analysis was conducted using Next-Generation Radar (NEXRAD) Level-II data as a basis, in which the impact of various pulse compression waveforms and channel electronic instability on weather radar data quality was evaluated. The distributed weather targets were modeled using a covariance matrix-based method. The goal of the simulation study was to establish a complete data quality prediction method based on specific radar hardware and electronics designs. In this paper, a system-specific phased-array radar system simulator was developed, based on a time-domain modeling and simulation method, mainly for system performance evaluation of the future Spectrum-Efficient National Surveillance Radar (SENSR). ![]()
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